About jackfruits
Jackfruit is the name of a type of tree, as well as fruit. Jackfruit tree belongs to the Moraceae tribes; scientific name is Artocarpus heterophyllus. In English, known as jackfruit jackfruit.
Jackfruit trees are generally of medium size, up to about 20 m in height, although there are up to 30 meters. Round cylindrical rod, up to about 1 meter in diameter. Editorial dense and thick, broad and rounded when in the open. All parts of plants removing thick white sap when injured.
Single leaf, scattered, stemmed 1-4 cm, rather thick leaves such as skin, rigid, flat-brimmed, inversely ovate to elliptic (elongated), 3.5 to 12 × 5-25 cm, the base narrowed little by little, and the short end slightly tapered or pointed. Oval leaves taper fulcrum, to 8 cm long, easy to fall out and leave scars like a ring.
Jackfruit monoecious plants (monoecious) axillary inflorescence appears on the leaves on short shoots and special, which grows on the trunk or parent branch. Male flowers in a hump-shaped rod or spindle, 1-3 × 3-8 cm, with a clear ring at the base of fleshy excrescence, dark green, with yellowish pollen and faintly fragrant when ripe. Babal jackfruit flowers are called. After passing the age of cooking, babal will rot (overgrown with mold) and blackened during the still on the tree, before finally falling. Female flowers in a single nodule or in pairs, cylindrical or oval, dark green.
Fruit compound (syncarp) elongated spindle-shaped, often unequal in length, up to 100 cm, on the outer side of the soft form of short spines. 'Meat Fruit', which actually is the development of the flower tent, golden yellow when ripe, fragrant, sweet, hard, fleshy, sometimes filled with fluid (nectar) is sweet. Seeds oval to oblong somewhat flattened, 2-4 cm long, covered successively by a thin brown seed coat such as skin, the endocarp hard whitish clay, and soft eksokarp. The seed pieces are not symmetric.
Jackfruit is mainly harvested fruit. "Pulp" that is often eaten cooked in a fresh condition, were mixed in the ice, crushed into a beverage (juice), or processed into various types of ethnic foods: lunkhead jackfruit, jackfruit compote, jam jackfruit, jackfruit-fried-flour, jackfruit chips, and other. Jackfruit is also used as fragrances and minumnan ice cream, made of honey-jackfruit, concentrate or flour. Jackfruit seeds, known as "concrete", can be boiled and eaten as a source of additional carbohydrate.
Young jackfruit is very popular as a vegetable. In Sumatra, especially in Minangkabau, known for jackfruit curry dishes. In West Java, among others, the young jackfruit cooked as a vegetable ingredient of acid. In Central Java known for a variety of dishes with basic ingredients of a young jackfruit (called Gori), such as vegetable lodeh, Megana vegetables, stir, stir categories, and not to Gori (young jackfruit vegetable). In Yogyakarta, especially young jackfruit cooked as warm. While in around Jakarta and West Java, the male flower head (called babal or tongtolang) often used as a salad ingredient.
Jackfruit leaves are the preferred animal feed goats, sheep and cattle. The fibrous bark, can be used as a rope and in the past also used as clothing material. Resin used in the mixture to trap the birds, for putty (patching) and other boats.
The wood is yellow on the terrace, good quality and easy to do. This wood is strong, durable and resistant to attack by termites or fungi, as well as having an attractive pattern, easily planed smooth and shiny when rubbed with oil. Therefore, jackfruit wood is often used as home furnishings, furniture, building construction, ship construction to the instrument. Of the wood also produced a yellow dye to color the robes of Buddhist monks.
Jackfruit grows well in tropical climates up to latitude 25 ˚ north and south, although still well known to bear fruit until the latitude of 30 ˚. These plants love the area with rainfall over 1500 mm per year in which the dry season is not too hard. Jackfruit is less tolerant of cold, drought and flooding.
Jackfruit tree from seed, start flowering at the age of 2-8 years. Whereas that of clone start flowering at the age of 2-4 years. In a suitable place, jackfruit can bear fruit throughout the year. However, in Thailand and India harvest occurs between January to August, while in Malaysia between April to August or September to December.
Jackfruit variant so many kinds, either by looking stature trees and parts of plants, the taste and properties of the fruit, as well as properties that can not easily be seen as the ability of the growth of environmental variations. In terms of the properties of the fruit, generally recognize two major groups namely:
Jackfruit pulp (Indonesia and Malaysia), which is also referred to as khanun lamoud (Thailand), Vela (Sri Lanka) or koozha chakka (southern India), with thin flesh, fibrous, soft and porridge, sweet and sour taste, smell nice and sharp.
Jackfruit bark (Ind.) jackfruit bones (Mal.), khanun nang (Thai), varaka (Sri Lanka), or koozha PUSHAM (southern India), with thick flesh, firm, flaky, sweet taste somewhat bitter, and not so fragrant.
Jackfruit can be crosslinked with cempedak mate naturally. Results silangannya named cempedak jackfruit.
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